An evaporator is used to evaporate a volatile solvent, usually water, from a solution. Its purpose is to concentrate non volatile solutes such as organic compounds, inorganic salts, acids or bases. Typical solutes include phosphoric acid, caustic soda, sodium chloride sodium sulfate, gelatin.In many applications, evaporation results in the precipitation of solutes in the form of crystals,
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which are usually separated from the solution with cyclones, settlers, wash columns, elutriating legs, filters or centrifuges. Examples of precipitates are sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate and calcium sulfate. The desired product can be concentrated solution, the precipitated solids, or both